The Library of a 'Humanist Prince' Federico da Montefeltro and His Manuscripts [by M.G. Critelli]

Olive tree

The olive plant, traditionally a symbol of peace, is an antithetical badge but at the same time a complementary one for those engaged in war or in the ethical and political sphere, according to the principles underlying the concept of pax armata. It celebrates peace in opposition to the fierceness employed in the pursuits of war. It also appears in the Studiolo, as well as in the medal made in 1468 by Clemente da Urbino for Federico, depicted on the front. The back pictures an eagle whose wings are opposite a sword and an armor (symbols of war) with an olive branch and a whisk broom (symbols of peace), under the orbits of the planetary signs of Mars, Jupiter and Venus (see Cheles, Lo Studiolo di Urbino, pp. 67, 78, 86 nt. 79; Raggio, Lo Studiolo, p. 120, fig. 5-73; Hill, A Corpus of Italian Medals, I, pp. 75-76 nr. 304; II, tav. 48).

Urb. lat. 1, f. 6v - Urb. lat. 2, f. 174v 

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Urb. lat. 10, f. 75r - Urb. lat. 365, f. 97r 

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General Bibliography